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Astrology consists of a number of belief systems that hold that there is a relationship between astronomical phenomena and events or descriptions of personality in the human world. Astrology has been rejected by the scientific community as having no explanatory power for describing the universe. Scientific testing of astrology has been conducted, and no evidence has been found to support the premises or purported effects outlined in astrological traditions.〔 Where astrology has made falsifiable predictions, it has been falsified.〔 The most famous test was headed by Shawn Carlson and included a committee of scientists and a committee of astrologers. It led to the conclusion that natal astrology performed no better than chance. Astrologer and psychologist Michel Gauquelin claimed to have found statistical support for "the Mars effect" in the birth dates of athletes, but it could not be replicated in further studies. The organisers of later studies claimed that Gauquelin had tried to influence their inclusion criteria for the study by suggesting specific individuals be removed. It has also been suggested, by Geoffrey Dean, that the reporting of birth times by parents (before the 1950s) may have caused the apparent effect. Astrology has not demonstrated its effectiveness in controlled studies and has no scientific validity,〔〔 and as such, is regarded as pseudoscience.〔〔 There is no proposed mechanism of action by which the positions and motions of stars and planets could affect people and events on Earth that does not contradict well-understood, basic aspects of biology and physics.〔〔 ==Introduction== The majority of professional astrologers rely on performing astrology-based personality tests and making relevant predictions about the remunerator's future.〔 Those who continue to have faith in astrology have been characterised as doing so "in spite of the fact that there is no verified scientific basis for their beliefs, and indeed that there is strong evidence to the contrary".〔 Astrophysicist Neil deGrasse Tyson commented on astrological belief, saying that "part of knowing how to think is knowing how the laws of nature shape the world around us. Without that knowledge, without that capacity to think, you can easily become a victim of people who seek to take advantage of you".〔 The continued belief in astrology despite its lack of credibility is seen as one demonstration of low scientific literacy.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Astrology and science」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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